Franjevački muzej i galerija Široki Brijeg / Franciscan Museum and Gallery Široki Brijeg

Franciscan Gallery Široki Brijeg

The beginning and work of the Franciscan gallery

The Franciscan Gallery Široki Brijeg was founded by a community of monks and there were no great financial investment when procuring artworks. The main sources were personal friendships and the trust that artists and artwork owners had in the Church.

The space where exhibitions were held was designed and decorated in the new part of the convent in the time when the state did not allow large building investments.

The Gallery was opened under the slogan: Art to artists and friends to the arts on July 25th 1990 in the presence of many artists, artist aficionados and people who work in the culture departments without the heads of church and state. Among those who were there were famous names from Edinburgh, Amsterdam, Milan and many cities from former Yugoslavia. Writer and literary critic Vitomir Lukić held a speech on philosophy, religion, art and especially on the role of the Franciscan Gallery. The Gallery was opened on July 25th 1990 by the man most responsible for its opening, its first and so far the only director, fra Jozo Pejić. Three days after it opened, on the same day the Youth Pilgrimage was held, it was ceremoniously blessed by the cardinal Franjo Kuharic with the bishop ordinarium Pavle Žanić and provincial brother Drago Tolja.

The first art exhibition included modern art, with emphasis on the first half of the 20th century. Aside from modern art, in a somewhat separated space, the exhibition included avant-garde artists. It was the only permanent exhibition of that kind in former Yugoslavia.

The Franciscan Gallery has never had expert employees nor anyone working there full-time. It has always been run by monks with expert friends helping occasionally and they are always careful not to neglect their monk and priest duties.

The Gallery is well known for the frequency of exhibitions and other art-culture events (such as concerts, book promotion, documentary film screenings, chess tournaments, practical classes, thesis exams…). With Franciscan width it has accepted and less valuable contents, but it has always reached for quality programmes and quite a few were very important such as the exhibitions by Vlaho Bukovac, Emanuel Vidović, Paintings of Old Artists of the Art Gallery Split, Celestine Medović, Slavko Kopač and avant-garde artists from South Eastern Europe.

Even before the Gallery was founded, the exhibitions were held in the monastery’s Treasury, starting from 1979. They held two artists’ colonies and worked with many artists and several galleries. The first abroad appearance was in Edinburgh in the fall of 1990. After a hiatus during the first year of the Croatian War of Independence, the Gallery continued its tours and exhibition exchange and the participation in the programme of Simic’s Meetings the Gallery became a strong link between cities Široki Brijeg and Vinkovci. The Gallery was a part of the international event Proljeće s maticom in Mostar several times.

During the Croatian War for Independence the Gallery was the only gallery active in Herzegovina and continued to send messages for peace. The Gallery also accepted several collections from Mostar and Konjic for safekeeping as well as artwork saved by the Croatian Army from many apartments that were broken into.

In July 1990 the Gallery was opened for public and it held almost 1000 pieces of art. Today it holds more than 4 500, two thirds of which had been electronically catalogued.

The conditions for storing art should be a lot better. Dehumidifiers and air conditioning devices need to be procured and more space is needed for art as well as for working. In the depots a lot of attention is paid to micro climate. A part of the artwork has been restored and preserved. But, due to lack of funding, nothing could’ve been done for a long time.

 

Treasury

In the convent’s treasury, a separate part of the Gallery, there is an exhibition of old masters- around twenty of them, including the artfully shaped metal sacral objects and clothing for mass, old books, including an incunabula from 1493. For that cultural and art treasure the Gallery requires a bigger space and it is crucial that the current exhibition is modernized.

 

The library

The Franciscine Gallery had donated over 2000 books to the Academy of Fine Arts in 1996, the same year the Academy was opened and so the Library of the Academy was founded. A few years later the Library of the Franciscan Gallery was opened and it is mostly filled with gifted books. Today it has around 5 000 titles and only 50% is in digital form.

 

Publishing

The Gallery has made a small catalogue for every exhibition but its site does not mean its contents are not rich. The period between 1988 –and 2013 has been analyzed in three almanacs and in the yearly articles in the Academy magazine while the first eight years are in the editing process before printing. Two monographies have also been published by the Gallery: Sister Marija and fra Mirko Ćosić and another small monography Fra Blago Karačić. The Gallery also prints calendars with art reproductions every year. They have also published several novels. The magazine Academy has been published in collaboration with the Academy of Arts from 2006-2013. It stopped when the eco-publisher quit after the 6-7 issue.

 

From Gallery to Academy

The Gallery was where the Academy of Fine Arts/Široki Brijeg from the University of Mostar was founded. The directors of the Gallery have to be thanked for bringing famous artists and experienced professors from Zagreb, Stipe Sikirica, Vasilije Josip Jordan and Miroslav Šutej who have helped start everything and became professors in the Academy. The recent addition is Professor Nada Pivac. These four renowned artists gave a great contribution in promoting art in Herzegovina and beyond.


Instead of a conclusion

Only the direct meeting with an artwork provides real pleasure and possibility for dialogue between the observer and the work itself, and with that the possibility of seeing how they were made. „Only the direct insight into an artwork provides sensory experiences and the process of feeling (Einfühlung), which is essential in understanding an art work“ (Vera Horvat Pintarić, The Art of Describing). So, with offering new values the Gallery has opened up the possibility of the desirable direct meeting with art which, we hope, will also be recognized by schools and the Academy of Fine Arts and by the general public, especially in tourism. So we are free to say that the cultural and tourist map of Herzegovina now has a new jewel which makes everyone proud; not only individuals and institutions which made that jewel shine but also all citizens of Zachlumia, especially the Franciscan church and the city of Široki Brijeg.

 

fra Vendelin Karačić

 

 

 FRANJEVAČKA GALERIJA ŠIROKI BRIJEG

 

Nastanak i djelovanje Franjevačke galerije

Franjevačka galerija Široki Brijeg samonikla je unutar redovničke zajednice, bez velikih novčanih ulaganja u nabavu umjetnina. Pritom su presudnu ulogu imala osobna prijateljstva, te povjerenje umjetnika i vlasnika umjetnina u Crkvu.

Izložbeni je prostor projektiran i uređen u novoizgrađenom dijelu samostanskoga sklopa, i to u vrijeme kad državne vlasti nisu dopuštale veća ulaganja u gradnje.

Galerija je otvorena pod geslom: Umjetnost umjetnicima i prijateljima umjetnosti 25. srpnja 1990. u nazočnosti velikoga broja umjetnika, ljubitelja umjetnosti i djelatnika u kulturi, bez sudjelovanja visokopozicioniranih crkvenih i državnih čelnika. Među sudionicima bila su poznata imena iz Edinburgha, Amsterdama, Milana i mnogih gradova bivše države. O isprepletenosti filozofije, religije i umjetnosti, posebice o ulozi Franjevačke galerije, govorio je književnik i kritičar Vitomir Lukić. Galeriju je proglasio otvorenom 25. srpnja 1990. najzaslužniji čovjek za njezin nastanak, njezin prvi i dosad jedini ravnatelj fra Jozo Pejić. Tri dana nakon otvorenja, na dan Hodočašća mladeži, svečano ju je blagoslovio kardinal Franjo Kuharić u pratnji biskupa ordinarija Pavla Žanića i provincijala fra Drage Tolja.

U prvom likovnom postavu bila su izložena djela moderne umjetnosti, s naglaskom na prvu polovinu XX. stoljeća. Osim modernih, u donekle izdvojenom prostoru, postavljena su djela avangardnih umjetnika. Bio je to jedini takav stalni postav u onodobnoj državi.

Franjevačka galerija od početka, kao i danas, nema stručno osposobljen kadar niti ijednog stalnog zaposlenika. Vodili su je i vode fratri, uz povremene usluge prijatelja stručnjaka, pazeći da time ne zapostave svoje redovničke i svećeničke obveze.

Galerija je poznata po učestalosti likovnih izložaba i drugih kulturno-umjetničkih događanja (kao što su: koncerti, predstavljanje knjiga, projekcije dokumentarnih filmova, šahovski turniri, satovi praktične nastave, diplomski ispiti…). Franjevačkom širinom prihvaćala je, po koji put, i manje vrijedne sadržaje, ali je programski težila za iznimno vrijednima i podosta ih je ostvarila, poput izložaba Vlahe Bukovca, Emanuela Vidovića, Slikā starih majstorā Galerije: Umjetnina Split, Celestina Medovića, Slavka Kopača, avangardnih umjetnika jugoistočne Europe…

I prije osnutka Franjevačke galerije u samostanskoj Riznici i u drugim prostorijama održavane su likovne izložbe, počevši od god. 1979. Dapače, upriličene su i dvije likovne kolonije i postojala je suradnja s mnogim umjetnicima i nekim galerijama. Prvo gostovanje u inozemstvu ostvareno je u Edinburghu ujesen 1990. Nakon zastoja u prvoj godini Domovinskoga rata nastavljena su gostovanja i razmjene izložaba, i to s galerijama i sličnim ustanovama u BiH, Hrvatskoj, Sloveniji i Crnoj Gori. Redovitom razmjenom izložaba i sudjelovanjem u programu Šimićevih susreta Galerija je snažna poveznica između gradovā prijateljā Širokoga Brijega i Vinkovaca. Više je puta bila sudionicom u programu međunarodne manifestacije Proljeće s Maticom u Mostaru.

Za Domovinskoga rata, i to kao jedina aktivna u Hercegovini, Galerija je slala svijetu poruke mira i dobra. K tome, prihvatila je na čuvanje više umjetničkih zbirki iz Mostara i Konjica, kao i umjetnine što ih je iz provaljenih stanova i atelijera spašavao HVO.

 U vrijeme otvorenja za javnost, u srpnju 1990., Franjevačka je galerija raspolagala s oko 1000 likovnih djela. Danas ih ima preko 4500. Elektronički ih je katalogizirano oko dvije trećine.

Uvjeti za pohranu umjetnina trebali bi biti puno bolji. Nužno je nabaviti odvlaživače i klima uređaje te osigurati više prostora i za rad i za umjetnine. U depoima se prati mikro klima. Dio umjetnina je restauriran i konzerviran. No, u tom se pogledu, zbog nedostatka novca, već dugo nije ništa moglo poduzeti.

 

Riznica

U samostanskoj Riznici, zasebnom odjelu Galerije, izložene su slike starih majstora – njih dvadesetak, te umjetnički oblikovani metalni bogoštovni predmeti i liturgijsko ruho, zatim stare knjige, među kojima i inkunabula iz god. 1493. Za to kulturno-umjetničko blago potreban je puno veći prostor i prijeko je potrebno osuvremeniti sadašnji postav.

 

Knjižnica

Netom otvorenoj Akademiji likovnih umjetnosti Franjevačka je galerija god. 1996. darovala preko 2000 knjiga, i tako je osnovana Knjižnica ALU Široki Brijeg. Do koju godinu oformljena je i Knjižnica Franjevačke galerije koja se uglavnom popunjava darovanim knjigama. Danas ona ima oko 5000 naslova, i samo ih je oko 50% elektronički inventarizirano.

 

Izdavačka djelatnost

Svaku svoju izložbu Galerija je popratila barem skromnim, ako ne i bogatijim i sadržajnijim katalogom. Razdoblje njezina djelovanja od god 1988. do 2013. obrađeno je u trima zbornicima te u godišnjim prikazima u časopisu Akademija, dok je prvih osam godina u obradbi za tiskanje. Objelodanjene su i dvije monografije u vlastitoj nakladi: Sestra Marija i Fra Mirko Ćosić, te monografijica Fra Blago Karačić. K tome, svake se godine tiskaju kalendari s reprodukcijama umjetničkih slika. Tiskano je i nekoliko beletrističkih knjiga. Zajedno s ALU Široki Brijeg od god. 2006. do 2013. izlazio je časopis Akademija. Prestao je izlaziti, odustajanjem suizdavača, s dvobrojem 6–7. 

 

Od Galerije do Akademije

U Galeriji se rodila zamisao i poduzeti su prvi koraci u osnivanju Akademije likovnih umjetnosti Sveučilišta u Mostaru sa sjedištem na Širokom Brijegu. Voditeljima Galerije valja zahvaliti i dolazak poznatih umjetnika i iskusnih pedagoga iz Zagreba Stipe Sikirice, Vasilija Josipa Jordana i Miroslava Šuteja, kao sudionika u osnivanju i profesora matičara na Akademiji likovnih umjetnosti, kojima se domalo pridružila i profesorica Nada Pivac. Tih četvero renomiranih umjetnika dalo je nemjerljiv prinos u promicanju umjetnosti u Hercegovini i u mnogo širem okružju. 

Galerija je višestruko pomagala rad ALU, i organizacijski, i materijalno, i novčano. Uostalom, ravnatelj Galerije fra Jozo Pejić bio je istodobno i ravnateljem Akademije od njezina osnutka do god. 2012. Osim toga, Akademijine diplomske izložbe – njih trinaest, te poslijediplomske,  profesorske i podosta drugih, održane su u Franjevačkoj galeriji.


Umjesto zaključka

Tek neposredan susret s umjetničkim djelom pruža pravi užitak i mogućnost „dijaloga“ između promatrača i samoga djela, a time i mogućnost pronicanja u način njegova nastajanja. Naime: „… uvijek samo izravni uvid u djelo omogućuje opažajne doživljaje i proces uosjećavanja (Einfühlung), što je nužno za razumijevanje umjetničkog djela“ (Vera Horvat Pintarić, Umijeće opisivanja). Dakle, ponudom novih vrijednosti Galerija je otvorila mogućnost toliko poželjnoga neposrednoga susreta s umjetničkim djelima, što će, nadamo se, prepoznati i škole i Likovna akademija, a jednako tako svekolika javnost, posebice turistički djelatnici. Zato se slobodno može reći da je u kulturološku i turističku kartu Hercegovine ucrtan novi dragulj visokoga sjaja kojim se mogu ponositi ne samo pojedinci i ustanove koje su omogućile da taj dragulj zasja već i svi žitelji Zemlje Humske, posebice hercegovački franjevci i Grad Široki Brijeg.

fra Vendelin Karačić

 


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